![]() Ground ivy was first reported in North America in the eastern United States in 1814. Ground ivy spreads not only by cuttings that take root, but also by its tiny seeds (nutlets) that produce an adhesive mucilage when moistened. In some regions it is considered invasive in natural habitats. Today, it is widely considered a stubborn, troublesome weed of lawns and gardens. Ground ivy is native to temperate regions of Eurasia and spread nearly throughout temperate North America in the 1800s. Occurs in bottomland forests, mesic upland forests, banks of streams, rivers, and spring branches, and bases of bluffs also lawns, gardens, railroads, roadsides, and shaded, disturbed areas. Similar species: Other plants that commonly occur as weeds in lawns and gardens include henbit, dead nettle, and Persian speedwell, but none of these have creeping stems that function as stolons, taking root at the nodes. Blooms March–July.įruits are tiny, dry, egg-shaped nutlets (1–2 mm long) 2–4 per flower brown. The upper lip is notched at its broadly rounded tip the lower lip has a pair of smaller lateral lobes plus a much wider central lobe the central lobe is notched at the tip and usually has white and darker purple mottling or spots and a beard of fine hairs near the opening of the throat. Petals are purplish blue to purple and fused into a funnel-shaped tube, ⅜–⅝ inch long, in the typical 2-lipped mint-family configuration. ![]() Hairiness varies from glabrous to sparsely hairy.įlowers occur in the leaf axils in clusters of 2–6 flowers per node. The foliage produces a mildly unpleasant, somewhat minty odor when crushed. Leaves are opposite, with distinct leaf stems blades are round or kidney-shaped, with scalloped or bluntly toothed margins. The creeping stems are square in cross-section and take root at the nodes. ![]() It is widely considered a lawn and garden weed. A native of Europe and Asia, this member of the mint family has been introduced nearly throughout the United States. Afghanistan, Africa, American Samoa, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Armenia, Aruba, Austria, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Bhutan, Bolivia, British Virgin Islands, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Cayman Islands, China, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Fiji, French Polynesia, Georgia, Germany, Greenland, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Liberia, Macau, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Martinique, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Mongolia, Montenegro, Montserrat, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands Antilles, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Niue, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Russian Federation, Saint Kitts-Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, South America, Svalbard and Jan Mayen, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkmenistan, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virgin Islands (U.S.Ground ivy is a perennial, creeping, nonwoody plant that often forms loose mats.
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